Debate: We Should Not Fear Robots

Kailey Morter

Professor Gillespie

Fundamentals of Speech

12/12/11

We Should Not Fear Robots

Attention Getter

            Last time I checked the paper or magazine I didn’t see robots falling in love and getting married; having human emotions.

Preview

            Today, my partner and I would like to give you two arguments on why we should not fear robots. 1. Robots limit cognizance. 2. There are not enough natural resources on earth to continue producing robots forever.

Rebuttal

Body

        I.            Robots have limited cognizance

A.      Cognizance is awareness, realization, or knowledge. The ability to notice and perceive something.

B.      According to the International Journal of Social Robotics, “Robots lack understanding of the users’ expectations, intentions, social signals, and actions.” (S. S. Ge, “Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions”) There’s no reason robots should be feared when they can’t even understand our actions and reasoning.

C.      Humans are unlimited in cognizance.

1.      The human brain is far more intelligent than a robot could ever match up to be.

2.      The human brain is so complex that we as humans can’t even wrap our heads around it.

3.      According to ScientificAmerican.com, “Anyone who suggests that a robot will be able to exhibit the full range of human intellect probably understands little about the full range of human intellect.” (Kurzweil, “Smarter than Human Brains? Which Brains?”)

D.     Robots cannot do something that we did not teach them or know of in the first place.

E.      We cannot create a conscious robot.

1.      Consciousness is a term that refers to the relationship between the mind and the world with which it interacts. Can be defined as the ability to feel and the executive control system of the mind

2.      Daniel Dennet states four reason on how it is impossible to create a conscious robot. (Dennet, “Consciousness in Human and Robot Minds”)

a.       Robots are purely material things, and consciousness requires immaterial mind-stuff

b.      Robots are inorganic (by definition), and consciousness can exist only in an organic brain

c.       Robots are artifacts, and consciousness abhors an artifact; only something natural, born not manufactured, could exhibit consciousness

d.      Robots will always just be much too simple to be conscious

      II.            We do not have enough natural resources on this earth to continue producing/making robots.

A.      Natural resources are anything people can use which comes from nature. People can’t make natural resources, but instead only gather them from the earth.

B.      Gold and silver are two natural resources used to produce robots.

1.      Silver

a.       Silver will eventually run out as well

b.      Adrian Douglas of MarketForceAnalysis.com says that, “The United States Geological Survey says silver will be the first on the periodical table to go extinct by as soon as 2020.” (Morgan, “Silver: Long term”) Without silver how are we going to produce these robots that we are so afraid of taking over our

2.      Gold

a.       Gold is an element that occurs naturally in the Earth.

b.      According to an article by People’s Daily, “With improvements in the people’s living standards, gold demand will continue to rise because most of them see the metal as a symbol of wealth.” (People’sDaily.com) With that we can say that the demand of gold will keep going up while the quantity of it will start to decline.

C.      Two examples of necessary parts in a robot that are made of natural resources are motherboards and microchips.

1.      Motherboards are made out of gold and silver. A motherboard is like a backplane, provides the electrical connections by which the other components of the system communicate, but unlike a backplane, it also connects the central processing unit and hosts other subsystems and devices.

2.      Microchips are also made out of gold and silver. A microchip is a small semiconductor used to relay information through specific electrical characteristics. According to wisegeek.com, “microchips are the heart of many electronics.” (WiseGeek.com)

Conclusion

            Since we now know that robots cannot nearly have as much intelligence and understanding as a human. We know that they will never exceed our instincts that God gave us as well as our knowledge. Since the natural resources used to produce robots are declining every day we can conclude that they will be declining in production in the future or will be stopped with the lack of proper materials. Therefore with that knowledge, robots should not be feared.

References

Dennet, Daniel C. “Consciousness in Human and Robot Minds.” ase.tufts.edu. 12/11/11 http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/concrobt.html.

“Gold Minter Run out of Sites.” People’s Daily. 12/11/11 http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200004/30/eng20000430_40065.html

Kurzweil, Ray. “Smarter than Human Brains? Which Brains?” Scientific American. 12/11/11 http://teachpaperless.blogspot.com/2009/03/smarter-than-human-brains-which-brains.html.

Morgan, David. “Silver: Long term.” Resource Investor. Published 5/30/2009. 12/11/11 http://www.resourceinvestor.com/News/2009/5/Pages/Silver-Long-term.aspx.

S.S Ge. “Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions.” International Journal of Social Robotics. ISSN: 1875-4805. Springer Verlag. 12/11/11. http://www.dfki.de/~zender/soro-eia/

“What is a Microchip?” wiseGeek.com. 12/11/11 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-microchip.htm

Chapter Six Questions and Articles

Kailey Morter

Fundamentals of Speech

Professor Gillespie

12/5/11

Chapter Six Questions

1.      Why is it important to draw on your own knowledge and experience in gathering materials for your speeches?

·         Because we speak best about subjects with which we are familiar with. The information in which we know makes the speech more personal and can bring in color and emotion.

2.      What are five resources for finding what you need in the library?

·         Librarians, the catalogue, periodical databases, newspapers, and reference works.

3.      What are three criteria for evaluating the soundness of research materials that you find on the Internet?

·         The three criteria’s for evaluations are the authorship, sponsorship, and recency. 

 

4.      What are the three stages of interviewing? What should you do in each stage to help ensure a successful interview?

·         The three stages of interviewing are: 1) what to do before the interview, 2) what to do during the interview, 3) and what to do after the interview. In the first stage you should define the purpose of the interview, decide whom to interview, arrange the interview, decide whether to record the interview, and prepare questions. In the second stage you should dress appropriately and be on time, repeat the purpose of the interview, set up the recorder (if you are using one), keep the interviewer on track, listen carefully, and don’t overstay your welcome. In the third stage you should review you notes as soon as possible and transcribe your notes.

5.      Why is it important to start your speech research early?

·         Because the longer you wait to start, the more problems you will encounter. Research takes longer than you expect so it’s better to start early. Starting early gives you plenty of time to think about what you find. Having more time to will let you get the pieces of your speech to fit just right.

 

6.      What is a preliminary bibliography? Why is it helpful to you in researching a speech?

·         A preliminary bibliography is a list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

·         This is helpful because with a preliminary bibliography you already have plenty of information you could use therefore when it’s time to write your speech you have plenty of information and options to choose from.

7.      What four things should you do to take research notes efficiently?

·         You should 1) take plenty of notes, 2) record notes in a consistent format, 3) make a separate entry for each note, 4) distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas.

Three articles on why we should not fear robots: 

http://felixonline.co.uk/?article=1048
 

http://www.darkapocalypse.net/2011/10/04/dont-fear-a-robot-apocalypse-theyre-here-to-help/

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v427/n6971/full/427181b.html

Impromptu Speech

Kailey Morter
Topic: Home is Where the Heart is
Second Topic: Horrible Dating Experience

Did on 11/22/11

Commemorative Speech

Kailey Morter

Public Speaking

Gary Gillespie

11/7/11

Commemorative Speech

Roger Morter

Who wears a greasy ball cap, a carhart shirt, a pair of holy wrangler jeans, and some worn our boots every day??? This would be my father, Roger Morter.

            Today I would like to stop and praise my father for everything he’s done in my life and still continues to be doing.

            Roger Morter was born in 1965 near a small town in eastern Oregon named Ione where he lived for the rest of his childhood. He was raised on a wheat farm, in a family of six kids where they all worked together to keep the farm going. Growing up he was his dad’s right hand man; he knew everything about farming at an early age.  He graduated from high school in 1983 in a class of five and after high school went to a community college in Pendleton, Oregon for two years to be a diesel mechanic. In 1985 he married his high school sweetheart, Carla Miles and started to do what he loved, farming. Since then he has been a loving husband for 26 years, has raised six children, continues to farm in eastern Oregon, started a farm in Bonners Ferry, Idaho, served and still serves on the church board, but most importantly, he has been an inspiration in life.

            My father has always been a hardworking man. Growing up I only saw him 7 months out of the year because he would be gone at our other farm in Idaho working. But even though he was gone a lot in my life, I will never forget my time with him. Most of my time with him was either spent in a big dirty tractor where all you could smell was the dirt from the farm and oil from the red rags he always used to hook up the hydraulics with or in a big red semi-truck where the AC never worked and the smell of dusty wheat consumed you senses until you could barely breathe anymore or even just in a farm pickup, driving down the road to check on the fields to see if we had disease or bugs in the wheat. During these times he would tell me about life, about God or about his good looks. He always told me that I would have a really hard time catching a man as good looking as him because the best looking man God ever made was sitting right next to me. He would always joke around with us kids, saying that, “You must have messed around in the gene pool because sure didn’t get my good looks.” My father has taught me much in life whether it was how to drive a car, a tractor, a motorcycle, a combine, a semi-truck or even how to change a tire or he oil in my car or how to serve the Lord and that we should to never give up in life, but through everything he’s taught the number thing that will always stick with me is how to work hard.

            He didn’t teach me how to work hard by telling me but rather by example. My father is the hardest working man I know. He wakes up before the sun rises and goes to bed after it’s down. He has spent the majority of his life out in the field doing whatever he can to make his crops grow so that he can provide and give opportunities for his family that he never had.  If that meant spending 15 hours in a tractor every day for a week, he would. If that meant spending all day branding stubborn cattle, he would. If that meant waking up at 1 o’clock to start the day, he would. And if it meant spending hours building another grain trailer to save money, he would. Through all his hard work he has provided us with a big roof over our heads, more than enough food on the table to eat, cars to drive, a college education, and more importantly good work values.

            My father, Roger Morter will be someone I will always look up to. When I think of a hard worker, I’ll think of my father. When I think of a good man, I’ll think of my father. When I think of good looks, I’ll think of my father. When I think of a man wearing a greasy ball cap, a carhart shirt, a pair of holy wrangler jeans, and a pair of worn out boots… I’ll think of my father.

           

Commemmorative Speech Planning Sheet

Kailey Morter

11/1/11

Speech Planning Shirt

Topic of your speech:  My dad, Roger Morter

General purpose: To commemorate

Specific purpose statement: To honor and praise my father

My specific purpose is to inspire my audience by praising Roger Morter

Introduction: Today I would like to look at what my father has done and continues to do in my life.

Attention step: I will hook my audience by describing my father with detailed description. “Who wears a greasy ball cap, a carhart shirt, torn up jeans, and a pair of worn out boots… My father, Roger Morter”

Credibility step:  I’m the daughter of Roger Morter.

Central idea:  "Today I would like to pause and praise my father Roger Morter”

Preview:  “Today I would like to share with you me fathers history how he influenced me and he’s my hero”

Main Points:  First I will go over the history of my father’s life, then how he’s influenced me, and then how he’s my hero.

Informative Speech Outline

Kailey Morter

Public Speaking

Professor Gillespie                 

10/20/11

Black Angus Cattle

Outline

Introduction

       I.            Have you ever been to a fast food restaurant or even a five start restaurant and have seen Black Angus beef on the menu and have wondered what exactly is so significant about this product? Today I would like to inform you about Black Angus cattle.

    II.            I have grown up in a family where the saying, “Beef it’s what’s for dinner” was often said, so you could only imagine what we had for dinner every night and sometimes for breakfast in the morning if we were “lucky.”

 III.            My father has raised Black Angus cattle since I was little and still continues to today therefore I’ve learned much about them throughout my life.

Body

       I.            There are specific features of Black Angus cattle that tell them apart from other breeds.

A.    There hide is all black

B.     They naturally polled.

(Transition: Now that we have a general view on what they look like lets now look at their history.)

    II.            The History of Black Angus cattle.

A.    Black Angus cattle originated from Scotland

B.     They were first brought over to America in 1873.

1.      According to the American Angus Association they were brought over by George Grant.

2.      George Grant brought four bulls over to America and showed them at the Kansas City Livestock Expedition where the American people first saw and heard of them.

(Transition: Given the history of these species your now probably wondering what their main purpose is or what they’re used for.)

 III.            Black Angus cattle have several different uses.

A.    They are widely used in crossbreeding to reduce the likelihood of dystocia which is the difficulty of calving.

B.     Some people use them as a genetic dehorner because when bred this gene is passed on as a dominant trait.

C.     The most common use and purpose for Black Angus cattle is for their meet.

1.      Black Angus beef is known for its consistent marbling.

2.      My father who has raised various different kinds of breeds of cattle has said that, “Angus beef is by far the best quality beef out there.”

(Transition: Since we now know that beef is the main purpose for Black Angus cattle let us now explore how there beef is becoming so popular today.)

 IV.            Many restaurants are testing out Black Angus beef in their menus and many have gotten a positive response.

A.    One example of this is McDonalds.

1.      McDonalds added Angus burgers to their menu in 2009

2.      There Angus burgers are: The Angus Bacon and Chees, the Angus Deluxe, and the Angus Mushroom and Swiss.

3.      GrubGrade.com says, “The quality is certainly a lot greater with this burger than any other McDonalds burger’s before it.”

Conclusion

       I.            Having gained all this knowledge about Black Angus cattle, I now challenge you to go to McDonalds or even a five-star restaurant if you prefer and try this delicious beef. For it will blow your mind and cause you to say, “Beef, it’s what’s for dinner.”

Speech Planning Sheet

Speech Planning Sheet

Kailey Morter

General Purpose: To inform the audience about Black Angus cattle.

Specific Purpose Statement: My specific purpose is to inform my audience about Black Angus cattle; what they are, they’re history, what they’re used for and how they are becoming more popular today.

Introduction: Have you ever been to a fast food restaurant or even a five star restaurant and have seen Black Angus meat on the menu and have wondered what exactly is so significant about this product?

Credibility: “According to the Black Angus Association the first Black Angus cattle brought over to America was in 1873 by George Grant.” “My father has raised Black Angus cattle his whole life and found that there meat is of better quality and usually tastier than any other breed.”

Central Idea: “Today I would like to inform you about Black Angus cattle.”

Preview: “Today I want to talk about what a Black Angus cow is; what they look like and there significant features that tell them apart from other breeds. Then I would like to share the history of Black Angus cattle; where they originated from and when they were brought over to America. I would also like to touch what exactly this breed of cattle it used for. Then lastly, I would like to inform you on why this breed is so popular today.”

Outline of Main Points:

        I.            There are specific features of Black Angus cattle that tell them apart from other breeds.

A.      There hide is a solid black color.

1.      There utter may be white.

B.      They are naturally polled.

2.      This means that they do not have horns whereas most other breeds do.

(Transition: Now that we know what Black Angus cattle look like let’s look at their history.)

      II.            The History of Black Angus cattle

A.      Black Angus cattle originated from Scotland.

B.      They were first brought over to America in 1873.

1.      According to the American Angus Association they were brought over by George Grant.

2.      George Grant brought four bulls to America and showed them at the Kansas City fair where the American people first saw and heard of them.

(Transition: Given the history of these species your now probably wondering what their main purpose is or what they’re used for.)

    III.            Black Angus cattle have several different uses.

A.      They are widely used in crossbreeding to reduce the likelihood of dystocia which is the difficulty of calving.

B.      Some people use them as a genetic dehorner because when bred this gene is passed on as a dominant trait.

C.      The most common use for Black Angus cattle is for their meat.

1.      There beef is

2.      My father who has raised Black Angus cattle his whole life said that, “Black Angus meet tends to be of better quality and tastier than any other breed of cows.”

(Transition: Since we now know that beef is the main purpose for Black Angus cattle let us now explore why beef is so popular in restaurants today.)

    IV.            Black Angus beef has recently become more popular in fast food chains and restaurants today.

A.      McDonalds started testing hamburgers made with Angus beef.

1.      The customer response to the burgers was positive.

B.      The American Angus Association set up the “Certified Angus Beef” brand.

1.      This promoted the idea that Angus beef was of higher quality than beef from other breeds of cattle